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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. O. HADDEN.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERAS.

Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS. Phnlo-Ulhagnpbln Washmgkon, JV 0.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. G. HADDEN.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIO CAMERAS. No. 831,494. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

N, PETERS, PhmirLilhugnphcr. Wnshivugkm, D. c.

' UNITED STATES PATENT WVILLIAM G. HADDEN, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHlC CA-MnRAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,49 dated December1,1885.

Application filed September 14, 1885. Serial No. 177,094. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM G. HADDEN, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shuttersfor Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

This invention relates to divided or double pivoted shutters which, whenused for taking instantaneous pictures, have-that is, each shutter-areciprocating action during the time of exposure, subject to control bya spring; and the invention further relates to photographic doubleshutters in which a rotatable button or crank and link mechanism is usedin connection with the shutters for operating them.

The invention consists in a novel construction, arrangement, andcombination of parts embracing these two elementary features in dividedor double shutters, substantially as hereinafter described, and pointedout in the claims, and whereby great compactness and efficiency areattained.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents a front View of the shutter-frame with the shuttersin their open position, as for focusing, and the means used to actuateand control said shutters or shuttersections. Fig. 2 is a section of thesame, taken mainly upon the line 00 x in Fig. 1, showing the inventionas applied to the lens-tube of a camera. Fig. 3 is a section at rightangles to Fig. 2 upon the line y y in Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a front view ofthe interior of the shutterframe with the shutters in their openp0sition; and Fig. 5, a front view of the whole as in Fig. 1, but withthe shutter closed and held or set ready for an exposure.

While the shutter may be used for timepietures, itis more particularlyintended for taking instantaneous ones, and in its operation movesrapidly quite widely, so as to admit a large quantity of light, and thischiefly through the central portion of the lens.

A indicates the shutter-frame, which is in the form of a hollow case ofany suitable shape, and having an exposure-aperture, b. It may beprovided on its back with a circular flange, 0, adapted to fit over theforward end of the lens-tube B of the camera, or it may be otherwisecarried and secured.

O G are the shutters or shutterscctions, the two combined forming whatmay be termed a divided or double shutter. These shutters are hung toindependently turn or vibrate in opening and closing upon a pivot, (2,arranged centrally above the exposureaperture b. Said shutters, whichwork within the case A, are arranged to move in different planes, theone immediately behind the other, so that when the shutters are closedtheir approximate edges or margins will overlap one another, as shown inFig. 5, for the purpose of efi'ectually excluding the light. Whenclosed, they strike and are arrested by stops (2 (3 within the frame orcase A, or they may have the extent of their movement limited by anysuitable means. lrojecting from the faces of the shutters G C, above theaperture 1) in the face-plate of the case A, and passing throughslotsffgtherein, are pins 9 g. These pins are connected by links h h andpins 2' i with a rotatable button, D, outside of or in front of theframe or case A-as, for instance, with a disk, '15, forming a back to orpart of said button, that has its spindle Z centrally over the apertureb, and has the bearings for its spindle in the case or frame. Fast onthe face of the disk 7t, so as to turn with it, is a grooved pulley, m,to which is attached a cord, a, that in turn is connected with anysuitable spring, which is here shown as COlil posed of a series ofrubber bands, 0 0, for actuating the shutters G 0 when released. Therubber bands I find make a very satisfactory spring for the purpose,inasmuch as any number of such bands of small size, connected at theirone end with a staple or other fastening, r, on the shuttencase, andengaging at their opposite end with a hook,s, on the cord a, may bereadily applied and disconnected, and the speed of the shutters can beregulated at will by varying the number or strength of the bands. Thebutton I) has a front thumb piece or projection, or is otherwisesuitably constructed to provide for turning it by hand against thetension of the spring to set the shutters as required. The disk of thebutton has teeth or notches a a on orin its periphcry, with which thatis, with either notch at a tin1ea lever, E, pivoted at a", engages, tohold the shutters after they have been adjusted by suitably turning thebutton, and until released by tri ping the lever pawl or catch E, as bypulling on a cord, G, or otherwise, said lever being seltengaging,either by its own weight or by a spring applied to it with the notcheddisk.

In the operation of the shutter, the whole attachment or device beingplaced or secured on the lenstube, the button D is first turned againstthe tension of the spring or springs o by the fingers of the operator toopen the shutters O 0', when the lever E will engage with the firstnotch, a, in the disk 7c, to hold the shutters open, as shown in 1. Thisprovides for focusing or for taking a time picture, as the case may be,the cord G being pulled upon when it is required to close the shuttersfrom this locked position by release of the lever E from the notch a,which will cause the spring 0 to pull upon the cord a and to reverse orsuitably turn the button, and through the bulton,by its connections g,to close the shutters, as required. To t: ;e an instantaneous picture,however, the button D is turned by the lingers in the same direction asused for opening the shutters, beyond the point of engagement of thelever E with the first notch, a, when the shutters will be open and theaperture b exposed, and until the lever E engages with the second notch,(1 in the disk, as shown in 5. Such additional movcmentei' the butt onwill cause the shutters to be closed and to be held closed, subject toan increased tension of the spring 0. opening and closing movement ofthe shutters by turning the button E in the same direction is due to thearrangement of the links 71.71.,

' which when the shutters a e open, as in Fig.

1, are at their culminating points of connection with the disk 7;, thatvirtually forms a double crank, and cranks might be substituted for thedisk. By culminating points is meant that the links it h are then instraight lines, or nearly so, with the pins 5 g and center of the diskk. As the button D, however, is further turned in the same direction,tocause the lever E to engage with the second notch, a, in the disk, thepins '5 i beyond their deadcenter position, and the links it h work onopposite sides of the center of the disk or double crank, therebycausing the shutters G O to close, as in Fig. 5. The shutters being thusclosed and held closed by the engagement of the lever E with the secondnotch, a when it is required to take an instantaneous picture, the leverE is tripped from said notch (L2 by pulling on the cord G orotherwise,which will cause the shutters C G to rapidly open and close bythe movement of the disk 'or crank-pinsi'i from and to opposite sides ofthe axis of the disk through the pull of the spring 0 and cord at on thebutton and disk, and by the crank movement, as described, for operatingthe shutters quite a wide exposure for the admission of a large quantityof light will be made during a considerable portion of the movement ofthe disk, and this chiefly through the central portion of the lens,which is very desirable.

As liereinbefore observed, the shutter may be attached to the cameraotherwise than by a flange on the back of the shutter frame or caselilting over the front end of the lcnstube. Thus it may be placedanywhere on the lenst-ubc or between the lenstube and box orloody of thecamera.

It will be observed that the rotatable button or double crank D k,having duplicate stops or notches (t a for action in controllingthemovement of the shutters, as described, is arranged centrally overthe exposure-opening b, or, in other words, within the space occupied bythe shutters, thus making the whole device much more convenient andcompact.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters latent, is

1. The rotatable button or double crank 1) it, having oppositecrank-pins i i and stops or notches a a, arranged one in advance of theOther,in combination with the catch E, a spring controlling the movementof the button in one direction, the pivoted reciprocating shutters G O,and the links 71 h, substantially as and for the purposes herein seti'orth.

2. The combination, with the shutter frame or ease, of the pendentreciprocating shutters O he rotatable button or double crank l) 71:,arranged between or within the space occupied by the shutters, andhaving crank-pins i i and duplicate steps or notches a a, thelinks [i h,the pawl or catch E, and a spring applied to turn the button in the onedirection, essentially as herein shown and described.

\VILLIAM C. HADDEJ.

Yi itnesses:

Jls. M. Hnnrnr, G. bnnewioic.

